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Jerusalem Church (Berlin)
Jerusalem Church () is one of the churches of the Evangelical Congregation in the Friedrichstadt (under this name since 2001), a member of the Protestant umbrella organisation Evangelical Church of Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia. The present church building is located in Berlin, borough Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg, in the quarter of Friedrichstadt. Jerusalem Church is fourth in rank of the oldest oratories in the town proper (except of suburbs incorporated in 1920, which are partly older).
==Early history of Roman Catholic Jerusalem Church==
A certain Müller, a burgher of Berlin, endowed a chapel in gratitude for his lucky rescue from a Saracen assault during his pilgrimage to Jerusalem. On 18 October 1484 Arnold von Burgsdorff, Prince-Bishop of Brandenburg, issued an indulgence, promising all those helping to restore the chapel 40 days less in the purgatory.〔Karin Köhler, Christhard-Georg Neubert and Dieter Wendland, ''Kirchen und Gotteshäuser in Berlin: Eine Auswahl'', Berliner Arbeitskreis City-Kirchen (ed.), Berlin: Evangelische Kirche in Berlin-Brandenburg, 2000, p. 148. ISBN 3-931640-43-4.〕 The indulgence is the oldest surviving document mentioning the chapel, then consecrated to Mary(am) of Nazareth, the Holy Cross, Pope Fabian, and Sebastianus of Narbonne.〔Arno Hach, ''Alt-Berlin im Spiegel seiner Kirchen: Rückblicke in die versunkene Altstadt'', 2nd ed., Ammerbuch: Beggerow, 2002, pp. 29seq. ISBN 3-936103-00-3.〕 The Chapel was then located in the fields about 1 km outside of ''St. Gertrud's Gate'' (close to today's Gertraudenbrücke) of the city of Cölln (a part of today's borough Mitte of Berlin) on the highway to Magdeburg and Leipzig (today's Axel-Springer-Straße and Lindenstraße).
The chapel was known for its copy of the Holy Sepulchre, as imagined at that time. This structure within the chapel earned it its name, which in 1540 appeared first in a document (Capella zu Hierusalem).〔Arno Hach, ''Alt-Berlin im Spiegel seiner Kirchen: Rückblicke in die versunkene Altstadt'', 2nd ed., Ammerbuch: Beggerow, 2002, p. 30. ISBN 3-936103-00-3.〕 Also the present north-south directed street then ending at the chapel thus got its name ''Jerusalemer Straße'' in 1706.〔''Lexikon: Alle Berliner Straßen und Plätze. Von der Gründung bis zur Gegenwart'': 4 vols., Berlin: Verlag Neues Leben Edition Luisenstadt, 1998, vol. 2: 'Fri – Len', p. 366. ISBN 3-355-01491-5〕 In 1484 a warden (Kleuser, literally Hermit) took care of the chapel and collected alms from the passing travellers for the pertaining hospital.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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